Linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central: el aporte de las técnicas convencionales de diagnóstico por imágenes / Primary CNS lymphoma: The contribution of conventional diagnostic imaging techniques

El linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central (LPSNC) tiene una presentación predecible en las imágenes convencionales, tanto en pacientes inmunocompetentes como inmunodeprimidos. Analizamos las características imagenológicas que nos permiten reconocer ambos casos y realizamos una revisión de las formas clínicas más relevantes del LPSNC, así como su aspecto en las imágenes obtenidas con técnicas convencionales del Diagnóstico por Imágenes, basándonos en un análisis retrospectivo de nuestros archivos institucionales y la literatura actual. La revisión abarca todas las presentaciones relevantes de esta enfermedad poco frecuente para permitir un diagnóstico temprano, crucial para el adecuado tratamiento.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has a predictable imaging appearance on conventional imaging in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The imaging features that enable both types of patients are discussed. The extensive imaging review presented here of the most relevant PCNSL clinical presentations and their imaging appearances using conventional imaging techniques is based on a retrospective analysis of our institutional files and on the current literature. The review covers all of the relevant appearances of this uncommon disease to enable early diagnosis, which is crucial for proper patient management.

HFE gene mutations and iron status of Brazilian blood donors

Mutations of the HFE and TFR2 genes have been associated with iron overload. HFE and TFR2 mutations were assessed in blood donors, and the relationship with iron status was evaluated. Subjects (N = 542) were recruited at the Hemocentro da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Iron status was not influenced by HFE mutations in women and was independent of blood donation frequency. In contrast, men carrying the HFE 282CY genotype had lower total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) than HFE 282CC genotype carriers. Men who donated blood for the first time and were carriers of the HFE 282CY genotype had higher transferrin saturation values and lower TIBC concentrations than those with the homozygous wild genotype for the HFE C282Y mutation. Moreover, in this group of blood donors, carriers of HFE 63DD plus 63HD genotypes had higher serum ferritin values than those with the homozygous wild genotype for HFE H63D mutation. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that HFE 282CY leads to a 17.21 percent increase (P = 0.018) and a 83.65 percent decrease (P = 0.007) in transferrin saturation and TIBC, respectively. In addition, serum ferritin is influenced by age (3.91 percent, P = 0.001) and the HFE 63HD plus DD genotype (55.84 percent, P = 0.021). In conclusion, the HFE 282Y and 65C alleles were rare, while the HFE 63D allele was frequent in Brazilian blood donors. The HFE C282Y and H63D mutations were associated with alterations in iron status in blood donors in a gender-dependent manner.